Detailed Notes
Major Hydroelectric Projects in Assam: List of Dams, Power Plants and Capacity
The most prominent hydroelectric project in Assam is the Subansiri Lower Hydroelectric Project, which has a planned installed capacity of 2,000 MW, making it India's largest hydropower project under construction. Located on the Subansiri River along the Assam-Arunachal Pradesh border, this run-of-the-river scheme is expected to significantly strengthen the power supply of the northeastern region while maintaining river flow continuity.
Another major operating project is the Kopili Hydroelectric Project, with a total installed capacity of 275 MW. Situated in the Dima Hasao district, this project utilizes the waters of the Kopili River and the Umrong stream. It is operated by the North Eastern Electric Power Corporation Limited (NEEPCO) and includes key infrastructure such as the Khandong Power Station, Khandong Dam, and Umrong Dam, which together support electricity generation and water regulation in the region.
The Karbi Langpi Hydroelectric Project (KLHEP) is Assam's largest state-operated hydroelectric plant with a capacity of 100 MW. Located in Karbi Anglong district on the Borpani River, it is managed by the Assam Power Generation Corporation Limited (APGCL). This project plays a major role in meeting Assam's regional electricity demand and promoting sustainable development in the hill districts.
In addition to these large installations, Assam also hosts several small hydropower projects. The Myntriang Small Hydroelectric Project, located in West Karbi Anglong near Amtereng, contributes to decentralized power generation in remote areas. The Pagladia Hydroelectric Project, situated in Nalbari district, is part of the Brahmaputra basin and is planned to serve both power generation and irrigation purposes.
Most hydroelectric projects in Assam fall within the Brahmaputra River Basin, which offers immense hydropower potential due to its perennial rivers and heavy rainfall. Beyond electricity generation, these projects support flood management, improve water storage, strengthen agricultural irrigation, and promote regional infrastructure development.
Several projects in Assam are operated through public sector undertakings such as NHPC, NEEPCO, and APGCL, while joint ventures between Assam and Meghalaya have also been planned, including a proposed 55 MW hydel and irrigation project. These collaborations aim to improve energy security and sustainable development across northeastern India.
Major Hydroelectric Projects in Assam (List)
| Project Name | District | Basin | River | Capacity |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subansiri Lower Hydroelectric Project | Assam-Arunachal Border | Brahmaputra | Subansiri | 2,000 MW |
| Kopili Hydroelectric Project | Dima Hasao (Umrongso) | Brahmaputra | Kopili | 275 MW |
| Karbi Langpi Hydroelectric Project | Karbi Anglong | Brahmaputra | Borpani | 100 MW |
| Pagladia Hydroelectric Project | Nalbari | Brahmaputra | Pagladia | Proposed |
| Myntriang Small Hydroelectric Project | West Karbi Anglong | Brahmaputra | Local Streams | Small Hydro |
Importance of Hydroelectric Projects in Assam
Hydroelectric power projects in Assam play a vital role in strengthening renewable energy infrastructure while supporting environmental sustainability. These projects reduce dependence on fossil fuels, enhance regional power stability, assist in flood moderation, and create employment opportunities. With ongoing developments such as the Subansiri Lower Project and upcoming joint ventures, Assam continues to emerge as a major hydropower hub in northeastern India.